agent_web_port: collision-aware sticky allocation

operator hit 'coder' and 'test' colliding on the same hashed port —
fnv-1a mod 900 has ~0.1% collision probability per pair and clearly
that's not enough. agent_web_port goes stateful:

- per-agent port persisted to /var/lib/hyperhive/agents/<name>/port
- on first call, look up the file; if absent, hash, then probe
  forward through the allocated range skipping any port other
  agents already claim, then write the chosen value back
- subsequent calls return the persisted port (sticky)

other agents' ports come from their port file if present, else the
fallback is the hashed value — that handles existing deployments
without forcing a rebuild-all just to migrate. rebuilding the
colliding agent re-runs agent_web_port, sees its peer's implicit
hash port as taken, picks the next free slot, persists.

range exhaustion (very unlikely — 900 slots) logs a warning and
returns the hash; the bind-with-retry on the harness will surface
the failure honestly rather than silently looping.

hive-c0re/src/lifecycle.rs

@@ -45,14 +45,51 @@ const WEB_PORT_RANGE: u16 = 900;
 const DEFAULT_MEMORY_MAX: &str = "2G";
 const DEFAULT_CPU_QUOTA: &str = "50%";
 
-/// Returns the per-agent web UI port. Same hash on both sides — manager,
+/// Returns the per-agent web UI port. Manager is fixed at `MANAGER_PORT`.
-/// dashboard, and agent harness all agree. Manager is fixed at
+/// For sub-agents the port is sticky once chosen: looked up from
-/// `MANAGER_PORT`.
+/// `agent_state_root(name)/port` if present, otherwise derived from
+/// the FNV-1a hash of the name and *probed forward* through the
+/// allocated range to skip any port another sub-agent has already
+/// claimed (birthday-paradox collisions are real even at 2–3
+/// agents). The chosen port is written back so subsequent calls
+/// resolve to the same value without re-probing.
 #[must_use]
 pub fn agent_web_port(name: &str) -> u16 {
     if name == MANAGER_NAME {
         return MANAGER_PORT;
     }
+    let state_root = crate::coordinator::Coordinator::agent_state_root(name);
+    let port_file = state_root.join("port");
+    if let Ok(s) = std::fs::read_to_string(&port_file)
+        && let Ok(port) = s.trim().parse::<u16>()
+        && (WEB_PORT_BASE..WEB_PORT_BASE + WEB_PORT_RANGE).contains(&port)
+    {
+        return port;
+    }
+    let taken = scan_taken_ports(name);
+    let start = port_hash(name);
+    let mut port = start;
+    for _ in 0..WEB_PORT_RANGE {
+        if !taken.contains(&port) {
+            break;
+        }
+        port = next_port(port);
+        if port == start {
+            // Range fully exhausted (very unlikely — 900 slots) —
+            // give up and just use the hashed value; collisions are
+            // surfaced as bind errors by the harness retry loop.
+            tracing::warn!(%name, "agent_web_port: range exhausted, returning hash");
+            return start;
+        }
+    }
+    let _ = std::fs::create_dir_all(&state_root);
+    if let Err(e) = std::fs::write(&port_file, format!("{port}\n")) {
+        tracing::warn!(error = ?e, file = %port_file.display(), "persisting agent port failed");
+    }
+    port
+}
+
+fn port_hash(name: &str) -> u16 {
     let mut hash: u32 = 2_166_136_261;
     for b in name.bytes() {
         hash ^= u32::from(b);
@@ -62,6 +99,48 @@ pub fn agent_web_port(name: &str) -> u16 {
     WEB_PORT_BASE + u16::try_from(hash % u32::from(WEB_PORT_RANGE)).unwrap_or(0)
 }
 
+fn next_port(port: u16) -> u16 {
+    let p = port + 1;
+    if p >= WEB_PORT_BASE + WEB_PORT_RANGE {
+        WEB_PORT_BASE
+    } else {
+        p
+    }
+}
+
+/// Scan every other agent's effective web UI port: prefer the
+/// persisted `port` file when present, fall back to the hashed
+/// value for legacy agents that pre-date the port-file scheme. The
+/// latter is important on existing deployments — without it, a new
+/// agent's collision check wouldn't see incumbents that haven't
+/// written their port file yet, and we'd re-emit the same
+/// collision the operator just hit.
+fn scan_taken_ports(name: &str) -> std::collections::HashSet<u16> {
+    let mut out = std::collections::HashSet::new();
+    let Ok(rd) = std::fs::read_dir("/var/lib/hyperhive/agents") else {
+        return out;
+    };
+    for entry in rd.flatten() {
+        let Ok(file_name) = entry.file_name().into_string() else {
+            continue;
+        };
+        if file_name == name || file_name == MANAGER_NAME {
+            continue;
+        }
+        let pf = entry.path().join("port");
+        if let Ok(s) = std::fs::read_to_string(&pf)
+            && let Ok(port) = s.trim().parse::<u16>()
+        {
+            out.insert(port);
+        } else {
+            // Legacy: no port file yet → its effective port is the
+            // bare hash. Treat as taken so we don't collide with it.
+            out.insert(port_hash(&file_name));
+        }
+    }
+    out
+}
+
 #[must_use]
 pub fn container_name(name: &str) -> String {
     if name == MANAGER_NAME {