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66
docs/swarm/secrets.md
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@ -29,34 +29,34 @@ container that starts after it.
Every row below is read against one of these. This is a different cut
from the [deployment shapes](services.md#deployment-shapes) --- those
say *where services run*, these say *who is responsible for a secret
file being there* --- so the two lists do not line up one-to-one, and
say _where services run_, these say _who is responsible for a secret
file being there_ --- so the two lists do not line up one-to-one, and
neither is a renaming of the other.
| topology | what it means | who places secrets |
|---|---|---|
| **all-local** | one host runs the swarm's shared services and its own hive | nobody — each secret is generated where it is read, or copied by a host unit |
| **swarm-managed** | the swarm's services run on a host with `swarmctl` | `swarmctl` writes what it owns; the rest is still generated in place |
| **hive elsewhere** | a hive that federates with a swarm it does not host | the operator provides the file and names it in config |
| topology | what it means | who places secrets |
| ------------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **all-local** | one host runs the swarm's shared services and its own hive | nobody — each secret is generated where it is read, or copied by a host unit |
| **swarm-managed** | the swarm's services run on a host with `swarmctl` | `swarmctl` writes what it owns; the rest is still generated in place |
| **hive elsewhere** | a hive that federates with a swarm it does not host | the operator provides the file and names it in config |
## Swarm-level — one of each per swarm
| secret | generated by | lives at | hive elsewhere |
|---|---|---|---|
| swarm root CA cert | `swarm-ca.nix` first-boot unit, when `autoConfigure` is set | `/var/lib/swarm-ca/root.pem` | operator copies the **cert** in; it is public |
| swarm root CA key | same unit | `/var/lib/swarm-ca/root-key.pem`, `0600` | stays on whichever host holds it — see the constraint below |
| swarm-services sub-CA (cert + key) | `swarm-ca.nix`, signed by the root | `/var/lib/swarm-ca/services-ca{,-key}.pem` | issued where the root lives |
| authelia session, JWT and storage-encryption keys | authelia's first-boot unit, in-container | `/var/lib/authelia-swarm/{session,jwt,storage-encryption}.key` | generated in place; nothing outside that container reads them |
| authelia OIDC HMAC key | same unit | `/var/lib/authelia-swarm/oidc-hmac.key` | same |
| authelia OIDC issuer key (RSA) | same unit | `/var/lib/authelia-swarm/oidc-issuer.key` | same — relying parties verify against the **public** half at `/jwks.json` |
| OIDC client secret, plaintext half | `authelia crypto hash generate --random` | `/var/lib/authelia-swarm/oidc-clients/<id>.secret` | operator provides the file and names it in whichever option reads it — `sso.clientSecretFile` for a service, `otel.clientSecretFile` for the hive's telemetry collector |
| OIDC client secret, digest half | the same mint | `oidc-clients/<id>.digest` | authelia's own half; merged at runtime via `settingsFiles` |
| the swarm collector's copy of its OIDC secret | `swarm-otel-oidc-secret.service` copies it from authelia's tree, **when authelia runs on this host** | `/var/lib/swarm-otel-oidc/<id>.secret` inside the `swarm-otel` container | operator provides the file and names it in `swarm.otel.clientSecretFile` — the collector need not share a host with authelia |
| authelia subject store | `swarmctl` and `swarm-authelia-bridge` | `users.yml` — one file, read and written by both | `swarmctl`, on the host that runs authelia |
| wireguard private key | **the operator** — `wg genkey` | whatever `swarm.wireguard.privateKeyFile` names | always operator-provided; nothing generates this for you |
| queue auth-callout nkeys (user seed + account seed) | `swarm-nats-callout-keys` first-boot unit, when `nats.autoGenerateCallout` is set | `/var/lib/swarm-nats-callout/{callout-user,issuer}.seed`, `0600` | operator mints both with `nk` and names them in `nats.calloutUserSeedFile` / `nats.calloutIssuerSeedFile` |
| the secret store's own contents | openbao, on first `bao operator init` — **an operator action, not a unit** | inside the `swarm-bao` container, at its own `/var/lib/openbao`, kept across rebuilds by `ephemeral = false`. ⚠️ **Not a host path**: `nixos-container destroy swarm-bao` takes the raft data with it, so back up the container's tree, not `/var/lib/`. Only the store's TLS material (`/var/lib/swarm-bao-tls`) and its PKCS11 token (`/var/lib/swarm-bao-token`) are host-level | n/a — there is one store; a hive elsewhere is a *client* of it and holds none of this |
| the secret store's unseal material | the HSM/TPM under `deploy.bao.seal = "pkcs11"`; openbao itself under `"shamir"` | in the token; or held by whoever ran `bao operator init`, which is what `"shamir"` means and why it is stated rather than inferred | n/a — only the host running the store seals anything |
| secret | generated by | lives at | hive elsewhere |
| --------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| swarm root CA cert | `swarm-ca.nix` first-boot unit, when `autoConfigure` is set | `/var/lib/swarm-ca/root.pem` | operator copies the **cert** in; it is public |
| swarm root CA key | same unit | `/var/lib/swarm-ca/root-key.pem`, `0600` | stays on whichever host holds it — see the constraint below |
| swarm-services sub-CA (cert + key) | `swarm-ca.nix`, signed by the root | `/var/lib/swarm-ca/services-ca{,-key}.pem` | issued where the root lives |
| authelia session, JWT and storage-encryption keys | authelia's first-boot unit, in-container | `/var/lib/authelia-swarm/{session,jwt,storage-encryption}.key` | generated in place; nothing outside that container reads them |
| authelia OIDC HMAC key | same unit | `/var/lib/authelia-swarm/oidc-hmac.key` | same |
| authelia OIDC issuer key (RSA) | same unit | `/var/lib/authelia-swarm/oidc-issuer.key` | same — relying parties verify against the **public** half at `/jwks.json` |
| OIDC client secret, plaintext half | `authelia crypto hash generate --random` | `/var/lib/authelia-swarm/oidc-clients/<id>.secret` | operator provides the file and names it in whichever option reads it — `sso.clientSecretFile` for a service, `otel.clientSecretFile` for the hive's telemetry collector |
| OIDC client secret, digest half | the same mint | `oidc-clients/<id>.digest` | authelia's own half; merged at runtime via `settingsFiles` |
| the swarm collector's copy of its OIDC secret | `swarm-otel-oidc-secret.service` copies it from authelia's tree, **when authelia runs on this host** | `/var/lib/swarm-otel-oidc/<id>.secret` inside the `swarm-otel` container | operator provides the file and names it in `swarm.otel.clientSecretFile` — the collector need not share a host with authelia |
| authelia subject store | `swarmctl` and `swarm-authelia-bridge` | `users.yml` — one file, read and written by both | `swarmctl`, on the host that runs authelia |
| wireguard private key | **the operator** — `wg genkey` | whatever `swarm.wireguard.privateKeyFile` names | always operator-provided; nothing generates this for you |
| queue auth-callout nkeys (user seed + account seed) | `swarm-nats-callout-keys` first-boot unit, when `nats.autoGenerateCallout` is set | `/var/lib/swarm-nats-callout/{callout-user,issuer}.seed`, `0600` | operator mints both with `nk` and names them in `nats.calloutUserSeedFile` / `nats.calloutIssuerSeedFile` |
| the secret store's own contents | openbao, on first `bao operator init` — **an operator action, not a unit** | inside the `swarm-bao` container, at its own `/var/lib/openbao`, kept across rebuilds by `ephemeral = false`. ⚠️ **Not a host path**: `nixos-container destroy swarm-bao` takes the raft data with it, so back up the container's tree, not `/var/lib/`. Only the store's TLS material (`/var/lib/swarm-bao-tls`) and its PKCS11 token (`/var/lib/swarm-bao-token`) are host-level | n/a — there is one store; a hive elsewhere is a _client_ of it and holds none of this |
| the secret store's unseal material | the HSM/TPM under `deploy.bao.seal = "pkcs11"`; openbao itself under `"shamir"` | in the token; or held by whoever ran `bao operator init`, which is what `"shamir"` means and why it is stated rather than inferred | n/a — only the host running the store seals anything |
The three keys authelia mints for itself are generated in-container precisely
because nothing outside that container ever reads them. **That is the test worth
@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ The copy is only made when authelia is enabled **on this host** and something
published is being scraped; otherwise no secret is needed and none is placed.
⚠️ **Do not read that delivery unit as the only way this collector is fed.**
Whether it authenticates follows the *credential*, never another service's
Whether it authenticates follows the _credential_, never another service's
placement: a swarm collector may run on a host that holds neither store and no
authelia, and then the secret is an ordinary operator-provided file named in
`services.hyperhive.swarm.otel.clientSecretFile` — the same shape as the hive
@ -126,13 +126,13 @@ when the system builds. The server names the offending file and refuses to run.
## Hive-level — one of each per hive
| secret | generated by | lives at |
|---|---|---|
| hive CA cert + key | `hive-tls.nix` first-boot unit | `<deploy.hive-controller.tls.stateDir>/ca.pem`, `ca-key.pem` (`0600`) |
| hive leaf certs | `hive-tls.nix`, signed by the hive CA | `<deploy.hive-controller.tls.stateDir>/<name>.pem` |
| matrix registration token | a host activation script, on first boot | `/var/lib/hyperhive/matrix-register-token` (`0600`) |
| the forge's copy of its OIDC secret | `hive-forge-oidc-secret.service` copies it from authelia's tree | `/var/lib/forgejo-oidc/<id>.secret` inside the forge container |
| the homeserver's copy of its OIDC secret | `hive-matrix-oidc-secret.service`, same shape | `/var/lib/tuwunel-oidc/<id>.secret`, handed to tuwunel through `LoadCredential` |
| secret | generated by | lives at |
| ---------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| hive CA cert + key | `hive-tls.nix` first-boot unit | `<deploy.hive-controller.tls.stateDir>/ca.pem`, `ca-key.pem` (`0600`) |
| hive leaf certs | `hive-tls.nix`, signed by the hive CA | `<deploy.hive-controller.tls.stateDir>/<name>.pem` |
| matrix registration token | a host activation script, on first boot | `/var/lib/hyperhive/matrix-register-token` (`0600`) |
| the forge's copy of its OIDC secret | `hive-forge-oidc-secret.service` copies it from authelia's tree | `/var/lib/forgejo-oidc/<id>.secret` inside the forge container |
| the homeserver's copy of its OIDC secret | `hive-matrix-oidc-secret.service`, same shape | `/var/lib/tuwunel-oidc/<id>.secret`, handed to tuwunel through `LoadCredential` |
Both delivery units wait for authelia's first boot to mint the secret — a
bounded wait, 120s — and then **fail loudly** rather than skipping. A silent skip
@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ layers from its cause.
The store's **first reader** is the matrix registration token, and it is worth
saying why that one: it is an opaque 32-byte value with no second file and no
format. Authelia's OIDC secret needs a `.secret` *and* a matching `.digest`, so
format. Authelia's OIDC secret needs a `.secret` _and_ a matching `.digest`, so
starting there would have meant debugging "can a reader authenticate and get
bytes back" and "did we write authelia's file format right" at once, with an
SSO outage as the failure mode.
@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ possible at all. Two things follow:
containers through a bind-mounted bundle assembled at boot instead.
- **On any topology other than all-local, placing that key is an operations
decision**, not something this module tree makes for you. A hive that hosts no
swarm services needs only the root's *cert*, to trust what others issue.
swarm services needs only the root's _cert_, to trust what others issue.
## Adding a secret